Broido



Feb. 10, 1953 D. BROIDO 2,628,029

TRANSFER MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed Dec. 26, 1951 5Sheets-Sheet l min Inventor Attorney 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 I03 pl 2 Inventor.Feb. 10, 1953 D. BROIDO TRANSFER MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES 5Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Dec. 26, 1951 Inventor B j M Attorney Feb. 10, 1953D. BROIDO 2,628,029

TRANSFER MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed Dec. 26, 1951 5Sheets-Sheet 4 Fig 5.

Inventor y W M Attorney I30 I27 I27 Inventor B j M Altorney 5Sheets-Sheet 5 Feb. 10, 1953 D BROIDO TRANSFER MECHANISM FOR CALCULATINGMACHINES Filed Dec. 26, 1951 *i /57 /5s a] Patented Feb. 10,1953

TRANSFER MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Daniel Broido, Barnet,England Application December 26, 1951, Serial No. 263,177 In GreatBritain January 2, 1951 6 Claims.

This invention relates to adding, accounting, 5

calculating and like machines, and more specifically to tens transfer orcarry devices of the totalizers employed in such machines.

In order to speed up the operation of such devices it has beenpreviously suggested to use a method known as Plus One Minus One. In amechanism based on this method, unity is added in all orders or thetotalizer simultaneously after an additive value-entering operation;then unity is subtracted simultaneously in all orders which do notrequire a carry. After a subtractive valueentry, unity is subtracted inall orders, and then added in those orders which do not require a carry.In a mechanism of this type the carry can be eiiected faster than in theconventionalstaggered type carry devices, which require a timed sequenceof carries from the lower orders to the higher orders of the totalizer.

This invention contemplates a method of simultaneous carry in alltotalizer orders in a manner which is faster and more convenient thanthat of the Plus One Minus One method. This novel method provides meansfor checking the totalizer orders which require a conditional carryafter a value-entering operation; thus, it may be conveniently termedthe Check method of carry.

In particular, this invention contemplates a method of simultaneouscarry suitable with but few minor alterations both for machines of thetype referred to wherein digital values 0 to 9 are entered into varioustotalizer orders during the value-entering operation in a conventionalmanner, and also for machines of the type referred to wherein thedigital values to be entered into various totalizer orders are eachincreased by unity, for instance as described in the specificat cn to myco-pen-ding application No. 263,176.

The main object of this invention is to provide a carry device which isrelatively simple in construction and speedy in operation.

Another object is to provide a method and means for effecting the carryby one single operation simultaneously in all totalizer orders.

More specifically, an obiect of the invention is to provide means forchecking the totalizer orders which stand either at 9 or at 0 after avalue-entering operation, according to whether this operation wasadditive or subtractive, and thus require a conditional carry.

Another specific object is to provide storage means for definite carryimpulses, and means for interlocking the storage means of adjacenttotalizer orders.

An object of the present invention is to provide a carry devicesuitable, with but minor adjustments, both for totalizers which receivetrue values and for totalizers which receive values increased by unity.

Other objects will become apparent as the description proceeds.

With these objects in view, a method of carry according to the presentinvention comprises a storage of definite carry impulses produced duringa value-entering operation, a check of totalizer orders which have totransmit these definite carry impulses, and a simultaneous applicationof a one-step movement to all totalizer orders which require a carry, ina direction depending on whether the value-entry was additive orsubtractive.

Means for carrying this method into efiect comprise, in operativeassociation with each totalizer order, carry storage means operable whenthe associated order moves from 9 to 0 in addition and from 0 to 9 insubtraction, check means operable after a value-entering operation forindicating whether the associated order stands at 9 or 0, depending onthe direction of the valueentry, interlock means controlled by saidcheck means for interlocking the said carry storage means of adjacentorders, and driving means controlled by the said carry storage means fordriving the individual totalizer orders simultaneously one step in thedirection depending on that of the value-entry.

Considering first an additive value-entering operation:

it is evident that the units order has produced a definite carryimpulse; it may be termed a Sending order. The tens order may be termeda Transmitting order; it has produced a carry impulse merely due to thefact that it is next-higher to a Sending order. Similarly, the hundredsorder is a Transmitting order; it has produced a carry impulse becauseit is chain-higher to a Sending order (units). It may be stated that ifan order stands at 9 after an additive value-entry, it is a Transmittingorder; it produces a carry impulse conditional on this order beingchainhigher or next higher to a Sending order.

Similarly, when an order moves from 0 to 9 during subtraction, itproduces a definite carry impulse and may be termed a Sending order. Anorder which stands at 0 after a subtractive value-entry may be termed 9.Transmission order; it produces a carry impulse conditional on thisorder being chain-higher or next-higher to a Sending order.

The present check method of carry contemplates an arrangement wherebythe definite carry impulses produced during a value-entering operationare stored; after the value-entering operation all totalizer orders arechecked to determine which are Transmitting orders and whichTransmitting orders are next-higheror chain-higher to Sending orders;the carry is eiiected simultaneously in all orders which receive adefinite carry impulse (from a Sending order) or a conditional carryimpulse (from a Transmitting order chain-higher to a Sending order), bymoving these orders one step in, the required direction.

Thus, the above example may be treated as follows:

9 0 9 9 9 Totalizer stand before value-entry. 2 Value-enteringoperation.

9 0 9 9 1 Totalizer stand after value-entry. t t t s Check(t=lransmitting order, s= Sending order). l 1 1 Carry operation.

9 l 0 0 l Totalizer stand after carry.

In subtraction the operation may be as follows:

Totalizer stand before value-entry. Value-entering operation.

Total zer stand after value-entry. heck. Carry operation.

hdo 1 0 8 9 8 Totalirer stand after carry.

Considering now the arrangement whereby the di tal values to be enteredinto various totalizer orders are each increased by unity, it will be sen that the carry must take place in reverse; that is, after avalue-entering operation those orders which do .not require a carry mustbe moved one step in the direction opposite to that of the value-entry.

Considering the above additive example, the procedure is as follows:

Considering the above subtractive example, the procedure in the case oftotalizers which receive values increased by unity is as follows:

- 1 0 9 0'0 Totalizer stand before value-entry. l 1 l 1 3 Value-enteringoperation (actual value: 2).

0 9 8 9 7 Totalizer stand after value-entry.

t t s Check. l l O O 1 Carry operation.

1 0 8 9 8 Totalizer stand after carry.

It will be seen that in the case of totalizers which receive valuesincreased by unity a Sending order is one which has moved, in addition,from 9 to 0 and beyond, while a Transmitting order is one that has movedfrom 9 to 0 and has remained at 0. Similarly, in subtraction a'Sendracks20 with the gears H.

4 ing order has moved from 0 to 9 and beyond, while a Transmitting orderhas moved from 0 to 9 but not beyond.

The present invention will now be described, firstly as applied tototalizers which receive values increased by unity, and secondly asmodified to suit totalizers which receive true values.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating a preferred embodiment of thepresent invention: 7 Figure 1 is a vertical section, taken substantiallyon line I-I of Figure 2, showing the carry device in an inoperative ornon-carrying position,

Figure 2 is a vertical section substantially on line IIII of Figures 1and 6,

Figure 3 is a view in the direction of arrow III in Figure 1, themachine cover being removed,

Figure 4 is a section similar to Figure 1 but showing the carry devicein the carrying position,

Figure 5 is a vertical section substantially on line V V of Figure 2,showing part of the operating mechanism,

Figure 6 is a vertical section substantially on line VI-VI of Figure 2,showing another part of the operating mechanism, and

Figure 7 is a section similar to that of Figure 1 but showing a modifiedcarry device.

Referring to Fig. 1, the totalizer Wheels ill are rotatably mounted on ashaft H suitably supported in the machine structure 12, I3, Fig. 2; theyare visible through suitable apertures in the machine cover 14, Figs. 1and 4. Fixed to each totalizer Wheel 10 is a pinion I5 and a carry lug[5. Each pinion i5 meshes with a gear ll rotatable on a shaft I8 fixedlysupported in the machine structure. Gears II are operatively associatedwith difierentially displaceable racks 20 more fully described in thespecification to my co-pending patent application No. 263,176. It issufiicient to state here that racks 20 are movable by springs I9 inguides 2|, 22, 23, 24 under the control of a drive bar 25 which normallyholds the racks in a retracted position shown in Fig. 1. When the drivebar 25 moves to the left as viewed in Fig. 1, each spring 19 pulls itsassociated rack 20 to the left until its tip 28 abuts against one of thestops of a set generally indicated at 0-9. Each of the stops 0-9 isindividually and selec tively settable or movable into the path of theassociated rack 20, and each stop is so positioned and dimensioned thatthe distance between the stop and the tip 26 of rack 20 is equal to thedigit associated with the stop plus unity. Thus, there is a gap equal toone rack step (which is proportionate to the spacing of the totalizerwheels I0) between the 0 stop and the tip 26 of rack 20 when the latteris in the retracted position; the distance between the I stop and therack is equal to two rack steps, and so on, the distance between the 9stop and the end of rack being equal to ten rack steps. Thus, when arack 20 moves from its retracted position onto one of stops 0-9, therack movement is representative of the value associated with therespective stop plus unity.

Means for selectively setting stops representative of various digitalvalues are well known in the art; for instance, reference may be had tomy British patent specification No. 577,330.

Idler gears 21 rotatably mounted on a shaft 28 secured in a support 29serve to interconnect the As shown in Fig. 2, the width of an idler 21is substantially equal to the combined width of a rack 29 and gear 17.Prior to an additive value-entering operation the idler shaft 28 israised so as to mesh the idlers 21 with the associated gears I1 andracks when the drive bar 25 moves to the left as viewed in Fig. 1, racks26 rotate their idlers 21, and each idler drives the associated gear I!and totalizer wheel l6 through a distance representative of therespective stops 6-9 plus unity, whereby the totalizer wheels I3 arerotated additively in the anti-clockwise direction. At the end offorward stroke of bar 25 the idler shaft 28 is lowered, so that idlers21 are demeshed from racks 20 and gears H; as now the drive bar 25 ismoved to the right as viewed in Fig. 1, it restores the racks 23 totheir retracted position while the totalizer wheels Ill remainstationary.

During a subtractive value-entering operation the idler shaft 28 is notraised until the drive bar 25 reaches the end of its forward stroke;only then are the idlers 2T meshed with gears I! and racks 23, so thatthe totalizer wheels ||l are rotated subtractively in the clockwisedirection during the return stroke of racks 20.

A carry pawl 33 rockable on shaft I8 is associated with each carry lugIt, on to which it is biased by a spring 3|. An arm 32 on each carrypawls co-acts with a storage plate 33 rockable on shaft 34 fixedlysupported in the machine structure. Each storage plate 33 has a lug 35supporting the end of a striker 36 rockable on shaft 37! secured in asupport 36. Each striker 36 is biased by a spring 36 and presses theassociated storage plate 33 towards a restoring bar 40; however, storageplates 33 are normally latched by arms 32 of carry pawls 30. If atotalizer wheel l8 moves from 9 to 0 during addition, or if it movesfrom 0 to 9 during subtraction, its carrying lug I6 causes theassociated carry pawl 36 to rock anti-clockwise, and the arm 32delatches the associated storage plate 33 which rocks slightly clockwiseon to restoring bar 40 due to spring 39. In this manner, carry impulsesreceived from Sending and Transmittin orders are stored.

As previously explained, it is necessary to differentiate betweenSending orders (that is, totalizer wheels l0 which have moved from 9 to0 and beyond in addition or from 0 to 9 and beyond in subtraction) andTransmitting orders (that is, totalizer wheels which have moved from 9to 0 and have remained at 0 during addition, or from 0 to 9 and haveremained at 9 during subtraction). To this end, each totalizer Wheel l6,except that of the lowest order, is associated with a check rocker 4|mounted on a shaft 42 slidably and rockably supported in the machinestructure. Each rocker 4| is biased by a torsion spring 43 towards therespective totalizer wheel l0; one end of the spring passes through ahole in the hub 44 of the rocker and is secured in a hole of shaft 42,thus normally preventing the rocker from touching the totalizer wheel. Arecess 45, Fig. 3, is provided on the right-hand side of the rim of eachtotalizer wheel ID in such an angular position that it is locatedopposite the end of check rocker 4| when the wheel is at 0. A similarrecess 46 is provided on the lefthand side of each totalizer wheel inangular alignment with the check rocker whenthe wheel is at 9. After anadditive value-entry the check shaft 42- is axially located, in a mannerto be described in due course, so that the check rockers 4| are alignedwith the 0 recesses45, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3, whereupon theshaft is rocked anti-clockwise as viewed in Fig. 1; if a rocker finds arecess, it rocks into it, otherwise the rocker does not rockappreciably, being arrested by the circumference of the totalizer wheelI 0. Similarly, after a subtractive valueentry the check shaft 42 isshifted so that the check rockers 4| are transversely aligned with the 9recesses 46, as shown in full lines in Fig. 3; when the shaft is rockedanti clockwise those rockers which are angularly aligned with recesses46 rock out appreciably while the other rockers remain substantiallystationary. In this manner, rockers 4| check the positions of theassociated totalizer wheels l0 and ascertain which wheels stand at 0after an additive value-entry or at 9 after a subtractive value-entry,that is, which wheels belong to Transmitting orders.

Each check rocker 4| has a pin 41 co-acting with a latch 48 rockable ona shaft 49 fixedly supported in the machine structure. Each latch 48 isbiased by a spring 50 into engagement with a trigger 5| rockable andslidable on a shaft 52 fixed in the machine structure. Normally eachlatch 48 latches its associated trigger 5| in the position shown inFig. 1. However, if the respective check rocker 4| has rocked out duringthe checking operation just described, pin 41 has caused its latch 48 todelatch its trigger 5|, which now swings anti-clockwise due to itsspring 53 into position indicated in Fig. 4. Immediately after thechecking operation the check shaft 42 is restored clockwise, thusrestoring the check rockers 4|, whereby pins 41 allow the latches 48 toreturn to their normal position; however, previously delatched triggers5| remain in the delatched position for the purpose presently to bedescribed.

As previously stated, it is necessary to differentiate between thoseTransmitting orders which are chain-higher to a Sending order and thosewhich are not; this differentiation is effected by triggers 5|, each ofwhich has a nose 54 co-acting with a lug 55 on the associated storageplate 33 and with a lug 56 on the storage plate 33 of the next-lowerorder. Lugs 55, 56 are arranged axially adjacent each other on storageplates 33 of adjacent orders, a trigger 5| being of a widthsubstantially equal to the combined width of two adjacent lugs 55, 56,as clearly shown in Fig. 2. There is an angular gap between theassociated lugs 55, 56, as clearly shown in Fig. l, the nose 54 of eachtrigger 5| being normally positioned just above this gap. On beingdelatched by its latch 48, a trigger 5| rocks as described, so that itsnose 54 enters the gap between lugs 55, 56 on associated storage plates33 of adjacent orders, as shown in Fig. 4. Thus, triggers 5| establish achain or cross-connection between adjacent totalizer orders.

After the checking operation of rockers 4| the storage restore bar 40 iscaused to move clockwise, by means to be described in due course, and inconsequence some of storage plates 33 also rock clockwise due to springs39, namely those 'storage plates which (a) have been previouslydelatched by their carry pawls 30 and (b) are not prevented from doingso by their triggers 5|. Indeed, if a trigger 5| has interposed its nose54 between lugs 55, 56 of two adjacent storage plates 33, the storageplate of the higher order can rock into position indicated in Fig. 4only if the storage plate of the next-lower order rocks, too. However,if the storage plate of the nextlower order does not rock, because itdoes not belong to a Sending order and has not been delatched during thevalue-entering operation, then the trigger 5| prevents the storage plate33 of the next-higher order from rocking and this 'plate, althoughdelatched, remains substantially stationary in the position of Fig. 1.If a number of adjacent storage plates 33 belong to Transmitting orders,they will all be interconnected by their triggers as described. It willbe noted that the storage plates 33 and the strikers 36 of all totalizerorders which require a carry rock out when the restore bar 40 is rockedclockwise, while the storage plates and strikers of all orders which donot require a carry remain substantially stationary.

Each gear :1, except that of the units order, coacts with a gear segment5'! rockable on a shaft 53 secured in a support 59; each segment 51 islocated by a ball 66 biased by a spring 6 I. Prior to the carryoperation the gear segment support 59 and the idler gear support 29 areso moved, by means to be described in due course, that the gear segments5'? are meshed with, and the idler gears 21 are demeshed from, the gearsI1 driving the totalizer wheels l0.

Each gear segment 51 has a stud 62 normally located in a grooved pawl 63rockable on shaft 31 in association with a striker 36. If a striker 36has not rocked out as described and has remained in the position shownin Fig. 1, stud 62 remains in engagement with the pawl 63 even after therespective gear segment 51 has moved into mesh with its gear ll.However, if the striker is associated with a totalizer order requiring acarry and has rocked as described into position shown in Fig. 4, thenthe pawl 63 clears the stud 62 when the associatedgear segment 51ismeshed with gear ll. Thus, after the gear segments 51 have been meshedwith gears H, the segments remain in operative connection with pawls 63only in those totalizer orders which do not require a carry.

At the end of an additive operating cycle the striker support 38 ismoved, by means to be described in due course, substantially downwards.Thereby those striker pawls 63 which have remained in engagement withtheir gear segments 51 cause the latter to rock clockwise and to advancethe respective totalizer wheels In one step clockwise, that issubtractively. In this manner the unity entered into all totalizerorders during the value-entering operation in excess of the actualamount to be added is now subtracted, as a carry is not required inthese orders. Those pawls 63 which have been previously disengaged fromtheir gear segments 51 move down idly; unity is not subtracted in thesetotalizer orders, that is, the carry is eifected.

.Similarly at the end of a subtractive cycle the striker support 33 ismoved upwards, and those striker pawls 63 which have remained inengagement with studs 62 on gear segments 51 rock the latter one stepanti-clockwise and thus advance the respective totalizer wheels [6anti-clockwise, that is additively, in order to cancel the unitypreviously entered into these orders in excess of the actual amount tobe subtracted, as a carry is not required in these orders. Those strikerpawls which have been disengaged from their gear segments move up idlyand the excess unity remains in these orders, thus effecting the carry.

Prior to the next value-entering stroke of racks 29 the storage restorebar 46 moves anti-clockwise and restores the storage plates 33, thestrikers 36, and the pawls 63, whereupon the gear segments 51 aredemeshed from gears l1; studs 62 on previously rocked gear segmentsre-engage their associated pawls 63. Prior to the next carryoperation'the striker support '38 is restored to its normal position,thus restoring the strikers 36, the striker pawls 63, and the previouslyrocked gear segments 51. Each striker pawl 63 is connected to itsassociated striker 36 by a spring 64. If a gear segment 51 has remainedstationary during the carry stroke of strikers 36, the respective pawl63 during return stroke rocks out slightly, whereupon the spring 64causes the pawl to re-engage the stud 62 of the gear segment.

It may happen that a totalizer wheel l0 actuates its carry pawl 30during the carry stroke of strikers 36; this would delatch theassociated storage plate 33 and the striker pawl 63 would drop out ofengagement with stud 62 before the completion of the one-step movementof gear segment 51. In order to prevent this occurrence. each striker 36is provided with a slot 65 engaged by a lug 66 of a rocker 61 mounted at68 and normally maintained in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 4 by aspring 69 anchored in a block 10. Slots 65 are so shaped that before thecarry stroke starts the strikers 36 can rock freely into carry positionshown in Fig. 4; springs 69 permit their rockers 6! to follow thesubsequent movement of strikers 36. However, if a striker 36 hasremained in the no-carry position of Fig. 1, its rocker 61 will preventa rocking movement of the striker during the carry stroke of strikersupport 38.

The storage restore bar 40 restores the storage plates 33 sufiicientlyfor carry pawl arms 32 to latch thev storage plates, whereupon it movesslightly back into position shown in Fig. 1. As the storage plates 33are being restored, they shift across the trigger shaft 52 thosetriggers 5| which have previously been in action, whereupon a triggerrestore bar H restores these triggers slightly beyond their normalposition and then moves slightly back, so that the triggers are latchedby the check latches 43.

The clearing device for the totalizer does not form a part of thepresent invention. Briefly, it may comprise a number of studs 12 fixedto gears I! in evenly spaced positions, the distance between twoadjacent studs 12 corresponding to a full turn of totalizer wheel 10. Aclearing bar 13 rotatable and radially shiftable on shaft 18 hasgrippers 74 adapted to cooperate with studs 12. When the clearing bar 13is rotated anti-clockwise (by means not shown), it is first caused tomove slightly towards the shaft l8, so that each gripper I4 isinterposed in the path of studs 12 on the associated gear l1. Oncontinued rotation of bar 13 the grippers i4 engage the nearest studs 12and rotate the gears I! and the totalizer Wheels I0 into the zeroposition; whereupon the clearing bar 73 is restored, preferably by aspring. Prior to rotation of bar 13 the storage restore bar 40 is causedto restore the storage plates 33, and the gear segment support 59 ismoved to demesh the gear segments 5'! from gears l1, whereupon acrossbar 15 is lowered to lock the carry pawl arms 32, so that anyoverthrow of totalizer wheels 16 may be prevented by carry pawls 30engaging the carry lugs I 6. After clearing the cross bar 15, thestorage restore bar 40, and the gear segments 57 are restored to theirnormal positions.

Operating means The machine is operated by a main driving shaft 76, Fig.2, suitably journalled in machine frame l1, l2 and rotated once duringeach opcrating cycle by a suitable handle or motor (not shown).

Referring to Figs. 2 and 5, the mesh-demesh operation of idler gears 21and gear segments 51 is controlled by a grooved cam 18 fixedly mountedon main shaft 16. Cam 10 coacts with a roller 19 journalled in afollower 80 fixedly mounted on a shaft 9! journalled in machine frame11, 82. An arm 33 is fixedly mounted at each end of shaft I; each arm 89has a pin-and-slot connection 84 to a lever 85 rockable on a trunnion 86fixedly supported in machine frames 11, 82, respectively. The idlershaft support 29 is fixed at each end to one of levers 85. Rockable oneach trunnion 89 is an arm 81 connected by a spring 88 to the respectivelever 85; the gear segment support 59 is fixed at each end to one ofarms 81. During addition the main driving shaft 16 is rotated clockwiseas viewed in Fig. 5, and early in the cycle the cam 18 causes itsfollower 80 to rock anti-clockwise, which causes levers 85, arms 81, andsupports 29, 59 to rock clockwise around trunnions 86, and thus to meshthe idler gears 21 with, and to demesh the gear segments 51 from, thedriving gears I1, as described hereinbefore. The parts remain in thisposition until shortly before the racks 20 start on their return stroke;now cam 18 restores the follower 80 and supports 29, 59, so that theidler gears 21 are demeshed from, and the gear segments 51 are meshedwith. the gears I1. During subtraction the main shaft 16 is rotatedanti-clockwise; at about the middle of the cycle cam 18 rocks itsfollower 80 anti-clockwise, thus meshing the idler gears 21 with, anddemeshing the gear segments 51 from, the gears I1. Near the end of cyclecam 18 restores the follower 80 and the supports 29, 59.

Trigger restore bar 1| is operated by a grooved cam 89, Fig. 5, fixed toshaft 19 and co-acting with a roller 99 journalled in a follower 9|rotatable on a sleeve 92 on follower shaft 8|. Linked at 93 to thefollower 9| is a connecting rod 94 linked at 95 to an arm 96 secured. toa sleeve 91 rockable on a shaft 98 journalled in the supportingstructure. An arm 99 is fixed at each end of sleeve 91. Linked at I00 toeach arm 99 is a connecting rod I9I linked at I02 to a bracket I03rockable on trigger shaft 52; the trigger restore bar H is fixed at eachend to one of brackets I93. Rotation of cam 89 in either directioncauses its follower 9I to rock anti-clockwise early in the cycle and toswing the trigger restore bar 1I clockwise around the trigger shaft 52,thus restoring the triggers I near the end f cycle the cam follower 9iis restored clockwise, thus rocking the trigger restore bar 1|anti-clockwise and releasing the triggers 5i as described.

Storage restore bar 49 is operated by a cam I 04, Fig. 2, fixed to themain shaft 16. Cam I04 is somewhat similar in shape to the triggerrestore cam 89; it co-acts with a roller I05 journalled in a followerI06 identical in shape with follower 9!, Fig. 5. Cam follower I06 isrockable on sleeve 92 on follower shaft 8I and has a pin-and-slotconnection I01 to a rod I08 linked to a plate I09 secured to shaft 98through a suitable hole in sleeve 91. Fixed at each end of shaft 98 isan arm H0 to which is linked at III a connecting rod II2 linked at I53to a bracket H4 rotatable on the storage shaft 34. The storage restorebar 40 is fixed at each end to one of brackets II4. Rotation of cam I94in either direction causes the storage restore bar 40 to rockanti-clockwise just before the restoring operation of the triggerrestore bar TI, and to restore the storage plates 33 10 and the strikers38 as described; near the end of cycle, just after the release oftriggers 51, the storage restore bar 40 rocks clockwise and releases thestorage plates 33 and the strikers 36 to effect the carry operation asdescribed.

A spring II5 exerts a bias on the connecting rod I08 towards the camfollower I05. As described above, the storage restore bar 49 is operatedto restore the storage plates 33 and the support 59 is operated todemesh the gear segments 51 from gears I1 during the clearing operation,whereupon the storage restore bar 40 and the support 59 are restored. bysprings H5, 88, re spectively.

Striker support 38 is operated during addition by a cam H5 and duringsubtraction by a cam II1, Figs. 6 and 2, both these cams being rotatablymounted on the main shaft 16. A driver I I8 is adapted during additive(clockwise as seen in Fig. 6) rotation of shaft 16 to engage a pawl II9pivoted at I20 in the additive cam H6 and biased by a torsion spring I2Iinto engagement with driver H8. Cam follower I22 is rockably mounted onsleeve 92 on follower shaft 8I; journalled in cam follower I22 is aroller I23 coacting with cam IIB. Linked at I24 to the follower I22 isaslide I25 mounted on a guide pin I23. Prongs I21, I28 on slide I25co-act with pins I29 in a plate I30 secured to a shaft I 3I suitablyjournalled in the supporting structure. Two brackets I32 are secured toshaft I3 I; the striker support 38 is fixed at each end to one ofbrackets I32. Spring I33 anchored in the supporting structure maintainsthe roller I23 in contact with the cam IE6.

Between 45 and of an additive cycle cam H6 rocks its follower I22clockwise, thus causing the slide I25 to move downwards; thereby, one ofprongs I21 moves the upper pin I29 downwards until both pins I 29 arelevel, any overthrow being prevented by the other prong I21. This bringsthe striker support 38 into a neutral position shown in Fig. 1 and indotted lines in Fig. 6. Assuming the previous cycle was an additive one,pins I29 would have remained in positions shown in Fig. 6, and thedownwards movement of slide I25 would rock thebrackets I32 clockwise tobring the striker support 33 into the neutral position. If the previouscycle was subtractive, the left-hand pin I29 would remain higher thanthe right-hand pin I29, and the downwards movement of slide I 25 wouldrotate plate I30 and brackets I32 anti-clockwise. In either case theslide I25 while moving downwards restores the striker support 38 to itsneutral position.

Guide pin I20 is fixed in a rocker I34 rotatable at I35 in thesupporting structure; rocker I34 has an upper arm I36 with a nose I31and a lower arm I38 with a nose I39. As will be presently explained,rocker I34 remains after an additive cycle in the position shown in Fig.6. It is maintained in this position by a detent I40 pivoted at I M andbiased by a spring I42 into engagement with the lower one of tworecesses I43 formed in the lower arm I38 of rocker I34. Upper nose I31co-acts with a pin I44 fixed in the additive cam II6, while the lowernose I39 coacts with a pin I45 in the subtractive cam I I1. At about 90in an additive cycle the pin I44 approaches the upper nose I31. If theprevious cycle was a subtractive one, rocker I34 would be in such aposition that the upper recess I43 would be engaged by detent I40; inthis case,

pin 144 would now engage the upper nose I31- and rotate the rocker I34into position shown in Fig. 6. Assuming the previous cycle was additive,pin I44 will just touch the nose I31 without affecting the position ofrocker I34 and slide |25.

Near the end of an additive cycle cam H6 allows the cam follower I22 torock anti-clockwise, thus raising the slide I25; the right-hand prongI28 in slide I25 being aligned with the right-hand pin I29 in plate I30,this prong causes the plate I30 to rotate anti-clockwise, so thatbrackets I32 lower the striker support into position shown in full linesin Fig. 6. This results in a 1 carry stroke of strikers 35 as describedabove.

Considering now a subtractive cycle, during which the main shaft I6 isrotated anti-clockwise, a driver I46 fast on the main shaft drives thesubtractive cam III by means of a pawl I4! mounted in this cam in amanner similar to the mounting of pawl H9 in the additive cam ||6.Shortly after one-half of the cycle cam III operates roller I23 in camfollower I22 and causes slide I25 to move downwards and to restore thestriker support into the neutral position as described. At about 232 pinI45 approaches the lower nose I39 and, if the previous cycle wasadditive and the part have remained in the position of Fig. 6, engagesthe nose I39 and rotates the rocker I34 anti-clockwise, so that detentI40 engages the upper recess I43; thereby the guide pin I26 causes theslide I25 to rock anti-clockwise around its pivot I24, so that now theleft-hand prong I28 is aligned with the left-hand pin I29 in plate I30.Near the. end of cycle the subtractive cam III causes the slide I25 tomove upwards, whereby the left-hand prong I28 engages the left-hand pinI29 and rotates the plate I30, shaft I3I, brackets I32, and strikersupport 38 clockwise. In this manner the strikers 36 and pawls 63effectthe +1 carry stroke, as described.

It will be noted that the additive cam I I6 is driven only duringadditive cycles, while the subtractive cam I I1 is driven only duringsubtractive cycles. Suitable means such as springloaded detents, notshown, may be provided to prevent inadvertent rotation of cams H6 andII! during subtractive and additive cycles, respectively. Operatingmeans for the check rocker shaft 42 will now be described. A double pawlI48 is fixedly mounted on shaft |4| suit-ably journalled in thesupporting structure, a spring I 42 tend ing to rock the pawl I48towards the main shaft 16. Laterally the pawl is disposed between thestriker cams ||6, II'I, its two prongs being 're-' spectively in lateralalignment with a pin I49 fixed in the additive cam 6 (see also Fig. 2)and wih a pin I50 fixed in the subtractive cam 1. When either of thecams is rotated, one or the other of pins I49, I50 contacts theassociated prong of pawl I48 near the end of cycle, and rocks the pawland the shaft |4| clockwise, whereupon the pawl and the shaft arerestored by the spring I42. This reciprocation of shaft |4| iscommunicated to an arm Fig. 5, secured to shaft |4| andlinked at I52 toa connecting rod I53 linked at I54 to an arm I55 slidably but notrotatably mounted on the check rocker shaft 42. Thus, as the shaft MI is'rotated clockwise and then restored, the rocker shaft 42 is rotatedfirst anti-clockwise and then clockwise, and the checking operation iseffected as described above. y

As shown in Fig. 6, the upper prong I36 of rocker I34 has a pin-and-slotconnection I56 to an arm I51 secured to a sleeve I58 rotatable on shaftI4I. Secured to sleeve I58 is a bracket I59, Fig. 5, on which is fixedlymounted a groove cam piece I69 engaged by the lower end |6| of a clutchfork I62 pivotally mounted at I63 in the supporting structure. Forkedupper end I64 of clutch fork I62 engages a groove in a clutch disc I65fixedly mounted on the check rocker shaft 42. Cam piece I60 is so shapedthat, as long as the main shaft I6 is rotated additively and the rockerI34 remains in the position of Fig. 6, clutch fork I62 keeps the checkrocker shaft 42 shifted axially to the right as viewed in Fig. 3, andcheck rockers 4| remain laterally aligned with 0 recesses 45 in thetotalizer wheels ID, as described. When the main shaft 16 is rotatedsubtractively, rocker I34 rotates slightly anti-clockwise as viewed inFig. 6 as previously described, and the resulting clockwise rotation ofshaft MI and cam piece I50 causes the clutch fork I62 to shift the checkrocker shaft 42 axially to the left in the sense of Fig. 3, so as toalign the check rockers 4| with 9 recesses 46 in the totalizer wheelsI8.

The invention will now be described as applied to totalizers whichreceive true values, and not values increased by unity as describedabove with reference to the preferred embodiment.

It will be apparent from a perusal of calculation examples given abovethat, while in the preferred embodiment the function of check rockers 4|after an additive value-entry is to check which totalizer orders standat 0, in the present modification their function is to check whichorders stand at 9. Similarly, after subtraction the check rockers 4| inthe preferred embodiment have to check which totalizer orders stand at9, Whereas in this modification the rockers have to check whichtotalizer orders stand at 0. Thus, the function of check rockers 4| isreversed in this modification as compared to the preferred embodiment.This reversal of function can be achieved simply by replacing the campiece I60, Fig. 5, by another cam piece adapted to keep the check rockershaft 42 during additive revolutions of the main shaft 16 in theleft-hand axial position of Fig. 3, so that check rockers 4| are,

aligned with 9 recesses 46 in the totalizer wheels I0, and duringsubtractive revolutions of shaft I6 to align the check rockers with therighthand 0 recesses 45. Alternatively, in this modification the Orecesses 45 may be arranged on the left-hand side of wheels I8 as viewedin Fig. 3," and the 9 recesses 46 may be arranged on the right-handside; that is, the axial position of recesses 45, 46 may be reversed ascompared with the preferred embodiment.

The modified carry device is shown in Fig. 7, the modified parts similarto those of the preferred embodiment being identified by the samereference numerals with suffix A, Strikers 35A are adapted to co-actwith studs 62 on gear segments 5'1 directly, without the intermediary ofpawls 63. There is normally a somewhat larger clearance between thestorage plates 33 and the storage restore bar 40. Each striker 36A has aslot I66 which normally engages the stud 62 on the associated gearsegment 51. However, when gear segments 51 are meshed with gears IT asdescribed above, stud 62 moves out of slot I66 if the striker 36Aremains in the no-carry position shown in Fig. 7. If the striker 36A isallowed by its storage plate 33 to rock anti-clockwise around its shaft37, then the slot I66 remains in engagement with stud 62 even after gearsegments 5'! have been meshed with gears ii. The carry is effected as inthe preferred embodiment by a movement of the striker support 38. Inthis modification, striker support 38 moves substantially upwards afteran additive value-entry and downwards after a subtractive value-entry,so that those strikers 36A which have remained in engagement with theirgear segments 5'! advance the associated totalizer wheels Ill one stepadditively or subtractively, respectively.

If a, totalizer wheel Ill moves from 9 to I) in addition, or from to 9in subtraction, it produces a definite carry impulse which is stored bythe action of lug I6 rocking the carry pawl 30, so that its arm 32unlatches the storage plate 33 which drops on to the restore bar 46;thus, the striker 35A controlled by this Sending order remains inengagement with gear segment of the next-higher order after the meshingof segments 5? with gears I'I. Consequently, carry will be effected tothe next-higher order by advancing it one step during the carry strokeof strikers 35A, additively after an additive valueentry orsubtractively after a subtractive valueentry.

Transmitting orders are checked by rockers MA which, as alreadyexplained, sense the 9 recesses 45 after addition and 0 recesses 45after subtraction. Each check rocker BIA has an extension It? which,when the rocker enters a recess 46 or G6, causes the carry arm 32 todelatch its storage plate 33 just after the respective latch 48 hasdelatched its trigger 5|. Thus, when the trigger restore bar II releasesthe triggers 5| as described, the storage plates 33 of those Transmittinorders which are next-higher or chain-higher to a Sending order willrock clockwise and permit their strikers 36A to reengage their gearsegments 5'! and to effect the carry. On the other hand th storageplates 33 of those Transmitting orders which are not nexthigher orchain-higher to a Sending order will not rock out, being locked by theirtriggers 5|; their associated strikers 36A will not re-engage their gearsegments '51 and will not efiect a carry in the respective totalizerorders.

It will be noted that in the present modification the direction of thecarry stroke of strikers 36A is opposite to that of strikers 36 of thefirstdescribed arrangement. This change of direction of striker support38 can be achieved very easily by arranging the upper prong I36 ofrocker I34, Fig. 6, to cooperate with the subtractive cam H1, andreversely to arrange the lower prong I33 to co-act with the additive camH6, by securing pins I46, I45 in cams H1, H6, respectively.

It will be seen that the modification just described diiiers very littlefrom the first-described embodiment, the difierent action being achievedmainly by a reversed operation of the check rockers SI, MA and of thestriker support 38.

It may be noted that the operation of check rockers 4i, SIA, themovement of storage plates 33 and of strikers 36, 36A into the carryposition, and the engagement of gear segments 51 with gears H can takeplace immediately on completion of the value-entering o eration andwhile the sensing racks 2c are being demeshed from gears IT. The actualcarry operation, namely 14 the movement of the striker support 38, canbe eilected very quickly and positively, inasmuch as there is nopossibility of a rebound or overthrow.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the carry devicesdescribed above may be modified in many respects without departing fromthe spirit of the present invention.

Th invention may be readily applied to directmultiplying machines of thetype requiring two carries during each operating cycle; if required, onecarry may be effected additively, and the other carry may be effectedsubtra'ctively, as described.

What I claim is:

1. In a machine of the type referred to having a totalizer with aplurality of denominational orders, carry storage means operativelyassociated with each totalizer order and operable when the associatedorder moves from 9 to 0 during addition and from 0 to 9 duringsubtraction, check means operable after a value-entering operation forindicating whether the associated order stands at 9 or 0, depending onthe direction of value-entry, interlock means controlled by said checkmeans for interlocking the said carry storage means of adjacent orders,and driving means controlled by said carry storage means for driving theindividual totalizer orders simultaneously one step in the directiondepending on that of the value-entry.

2. In a machine of the type referred to having a totalizer with aplurality of denominational orders adapted to receive additive andsubtractive digital values each increased by unity, carry storageelements each associated with a totalizer order and operable when theassociated order moves from 9 to 0 during addition and from 0 to 9during subtraction, check elements each associated with a totalizerorder and movable into an operative position when the associated orderstands at 0 after an additive value-entry and at 9 after a subtractivevalue-entry, interlock members each movable by an operative checkelement to lock the said storage element of the associated order to thatof the next-lower order, and means for driving all totalizer ordersassociated with storage elements which were operated during thevalue-entry and are associated with inoperative check members, and alsoall totalizer orders associated with storage members, locked to theseoperated storage elements associated with inoperative check members,substantially simultaneously one step in the direction opposite to thatof the value-entry.

3. In a machine of the type referred to having a totalizer with aplurality of denominational orders, carry storage elements eachassociated with a totalizer order and operative when the associatedorder moves from 9 to 0 in addition and from 0 to 9 in subtraction,check elements each associated with a totalizer order and operable whenthe associated order stands at 9 after an additive value-entry and at 0after a subtractive value-entry, interlock members each movable by anoperative check element to lock the said storage element of theassociated order to that of the next-lower order, and means for drivingall totalizer orders associated either with operative storage elementsor with storage elements locked by the said interlock members to operatestorage elements one step substantially simultaneously in the directionof the value-entry.

4. Carry device according to claim 1, comprising carry storage rockerseach associated with a totalizer order and rockable, when the associatedorder moves from 9 to during addition and from 0 to 9 duringsubtraction, into an operative position in which it remains until aftercompletion of the value-entering operation.

5. Carry device according to claim 1, comprising suitablerepresentations of the 9 and 0 positions of individual totalizer orders,check rockers each associated with a totalizer order and rockable intoan operative position when brought into operative association with oneof said representations, and means for operatively associating the saidcheck rockers after the value-entering operation with representations ofeither the 9 positions or the 0 positions of the totalizer orders.

6. In a totalizer of a machine of the type referred to, a carry devicecomprising carry storage means each associated with a totalizer orderand movable, when the associated order moves from 9 to 0 during additionand from 0 to 9 during subtraction, into an operative position in whichit remains until after completion of the value-entering operation,representations of the 9 and 0 positions of individual totalizer ordersand check means operative when associated with these representations,actuating means for operatively associating the said check means withrepresentations of either the 9 or the 0 positions of the re- I6spective totaliz'er orders, interlock means for looking a carry storagemeans to that of the nextlower totalizer order when the associated checkmeans is operative, driving members each movable under the control ofone of said carry storage means into operative association with therespective totalizer Wheel, and a driving actuator adapted to displaceall driving members simultaneously a predetermined amount in either oftwo opposite directions, depending on the direction of the precedingvalue-entering operation, whereby the driving members if in operativeassociation with the respective totalizer wheels advance the latteradditively or subtractively.

DANIEL BROIDO.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,471,770 Bernau Oct. 23, 19231,767,674 Horton June 24, 1930 1,957,960 Hosack May 8, 1934 2,302,422Crouse Nov. 17, 1942

